To study the correlation among a group of univariate time series, the goal is to understand how they co-move over time — whether their patterns are synchronous, lagged, or independent.

Correlation captures linear co-movement on a common timeline. For misaligned, nonlinear, or lagged dependencies, use DTW or cross-correlation instead.

Steps:

  1. Align Time Frames – Resample or interpolate to ensure all series share a common time index.

  2. Z-Normalisation or Standardisation – Convert each series to zero mean and unit variance to remove scale effects:

  3. Optionally Detrend or Difference – Remove long-term trends or seasonality to focus on short-term co-movement.

  4. Compute Correlations

    • Use df.corr() for standard Pearson correlations.
    • Compute rolling correlations to study how relationships change over time.
  5. Visualize

    • Heatmap for pairwise correlation matrix.
    • Network graph or dendrogram for clustering similar series.